{"id":447876,"date":"2020-01-11T14:18:02","date_gmt":"2020-01-11T14:18:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.moldova.org\/en\/?p=447876"},"modified":"2020-01-11T14:37:21","modified_gmt":"2020-01-11T14:37:21","slug":"moldova-in-the-last-decade-the-most-prominent-political-fiascoes-the-country-experienced","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.moldova.org\/en\/moldova-in-the-last-decade-the-most-prominent-political-fiascoes-the-country-experienced\/","title":{"rendered":"Moldova in the last decade\/\/ the most prominent political fiascoes the country experienced"},"content":{"rendered":"Reading Time: <\/span> 8<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

The decisions taken by the Constitutional Court, the expulsion of Turkish teachers, the adoption of the mixed electoral system, the president removed from office “for 5 minutes”, the lack of Government or the doubled Government – there were so many failures in the Moldovan politics in the last 10 years, that it’s hard to count them.<\/p>\n

During the last ten years, the citizens of the country have witnessed many changes of the political and state institutions. Moldova.org selected the most relevant events. Here is where we can remember the saying “Every nation has the leaders it deserves.”<\/em><\/p>\n

1\u00a0\u00a0Decisions of the Constitutional Court from 7 to 9 June 2019<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The Constitutional Court of Moldova (CC) announced, on June 7, that the deadline<\/strong> for the Parliament, which was elected on February 24 and validated on March 9, to appoint the new Government expired. The CC calculated that the constitutional term of “three months”<\/em> provided for the formation of the Government actually means “90 days”<\/em> and that it expired on June 7, not on June 9. The next day, the political bloc ACUM and the PSRM signed a temporary agreement for the formation of a majority government<\/strong>, Zinaida Greceanii being voted the president of the Parliament and Maia Sandu being appointed the head of the Government.<\/p>\n

Immediately thereafter, the CC declared all the laws and decisions adopted by the new Parliament as unconstitutional<\/span>. On June 9, the Constitutional Court decided to remove President Igor Dodon from office and appointed Pavel Filip as the interim president. After the Democratic Party announced its power withdrawal, on June 15, the CC cancelled its own previously taken decisions.<\/p>\n

The Venice Commission<\/strong> published an opinion, stating that the CC violated<\/span> its own procedures when taking the respective decisions, but also the principle of impartiality towards the political parties. The Commission recalled that the Court’s role is to be equidistant and to act as an impartial arbitrator in the event of a confrontation between political parties.<\/p>\n

2 The period of two Governments<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Between June 8-15, 2019, the Republic of Moldova had two Governments<\/strong> – the Government appointed by the newly formed majority government, led by Maia Sandu and the previous Government who still remained in power, according to the decision of the CC. Pavel Filip, the so-called interim president, announced the dissolution of the Parliament and the date of future snap elections.<\/p>\n

The newly elected Parliament had its first session in the dark, as the technical employees of the building did not come to work <\/span>that day. The democrats stated that they did’t recognise the new Government and didn’t intend to give up the power. The democrats’ leader Vladimir Plahotniuc accused the socialists of trying to usurp power. A week later, the Democratic Party decided to give up the power in favour of the Government appointed by the ACUM and socialists’ majority.<\/p>\n

3 Clandestine interceptions’ scandal<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A RISE Moldova investigation<\/a> has discovered an entire operation of intercepting and chasing the political opponents<\/strong> of the democratic government, which has been carried out in recent years. The operation was carried out under cover of three criminal cases, filed because of inconvenient Facebook messages or statements at press conferences. As a result, it was established that the activities of 52 people, including politicians, representatives of civil society, organisations representatives and journalists, were investigated by prosecutors and police officers.<\/p>\n

After coming to power, the ACUM representatives declared that the number of people chased by the former government was much higher. In addition to intercepting phone calls, some of them have also been monitored, as microphones and video cameras were installed in their houses. President Igor Dodon claimed that, in 2018, there were 10 thousan<\/strong>d interceptions, out of which 600 at the request of the Information and Security Service (ISS), and 3 300<\/strong> interception in 2019, out of which 200 were initiated at the request of ISS. Most interceptions were initiated by the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA). Based on the interception scandal, criminal cases were filed against four MIA employees, three prosecutors and four judges.<\/p>\n

4 Camouflaged expulsion of Turkish teachers<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On September 6, 2018, seven Turkish citizens who were teachers at Horizon High School, were removed from their homes by employees of the ISS and taken in an unknown direction. The state institutions declared the action as “expulsion”<\/em>, saying that the Turkish nationals were suspected of links with an Islamist group. They have been declared undesirable by the competent bodies and expelled from the territory<\/strong> of the Republic of Moldova.<\/p>\n

The Turkish citizens were taken to Turkey by a charter plane and were sentenced to years of imprisonment<\/span>. Immediately after the expulsion operation, European officials asked the Moldovan authorities “to comply with the rule of law and all judicial procedures”<\/em> in this case. On June 11, 2019, the European Court of Human Rights<\/strong> issued a conclusion stating that Moldova violated the rights of Turkish citizen<\/span>s and required the government to pay 25 thousand euros for each of the Turkish citizens, whose rights were violated.<\/p>\n

5 Cancellation of Andrei Nastase mayoral mandate<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In June 2018, the Chi\u0219in\u0103u District Court cancelled the results of the snap local elections<\/strong> for the mayoral seat of the capital city. The elections were won by the Dignity and Truth Platform Party leader, Andrei N\u0103stase. His mandate was not validated on the grounds that he would have campaigned on social media on the day before elections. Andrei N\u0103stase addressed voters on Facebook<\/span>\u00a0and advised them to participate in the vote.<\/p>\n

The decision was heavily criticised by local experts, ambassadors and representatives of international forums. The decision remained in force and after being challenged in the higher courts. After one year and three months, the mandate of Andrei N\u0103stase was validated<\/strong>. By that moment other local elections were organised and his rival, socialist Ion Ceban won the mayor seat.<\/p>\n

6\u00a0The Citizenship by Investments Law<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nAlso in 2018, the Parliament adopted the law on granting citizenship by investments –<\/strong>\u00a0a mechanism by which foreign citizens could obtain citizenship of the Republic of Moldova. “The Law on Citizenship by Investments of the Republic of Moldova is one of the projects that created favourable conditions for international money laundering,”<\/em>\u00a0Transparency International-Moldova states in a report. Such models for granting citizenship are criticized by European officials, and some countries have already given up these programs. In the summer of 2019, the Government instituted a moratorium on this law<\/span> for a period of four months.<\/p>\n

7 The president removed from power “for 5 minutes”<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In 2017, the Constitutional Court decided that the president’s refusal to carry out his constitutional duties<\/strong> in appointing a minister represented “a temporary impossibility to exercise his duties<\/em>” and justified assigning the president of the Parliament or the prime minister as the interim head of state. In other words, the CC decided that the president Igor Dodon had no veto in appointing a minister<\/span>, and the signature of the head of state on the confirmation decree is only a formal one.<\/p>\n

In the period of 2017 to 2018, Igor Dodon was\u00a0temporarily removed from office for\u00a0five times<\/strong>, and the respective decrees were signed by the President of the Parliament Andrian Candu. The removal for “five minutes”<\/em> became a joke of the representatives of civil society and experts who stated that Igor Dodon may claim to be included in the Guinness Book of Records. In December 2018, Igor Dodon stated that he had called for protest in case another removal from power would have taken place.<\/p>\n

8 The adoption of the mixed electoral system<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In the summer of 2017, the Parliament adopted the law on the mixed voting system<\/strong>. It provided that 50 deputies would be elected on party lists, and 51 – directly by citizens, in single-seat constituencies. The mixed voting system was adopted by the socialists, democrats and popular-Europeans and has been criticised by the Venice Commission, the European Union, the United States and by the political opposition.<\/p>\n

After the formation of the new majority government, the Parliament adopted, in the summer of 2019, the return to the proportional representation system<\/strong>, cancelling the mixed voting system.<\/p>\n

9 The appointment of the Government led by Pavel Filip<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On January 20, 2016, the Parliament where the democrats held the majority, granted a vote of confidence<\/strong> to the candidate Pavel Filip<\/strong> and his Cabinet of Ministers. At that time, neither the draft Government activity program, nor the list of proposed Government members had been made public. The new Government was voted in a session that lasted about 30 minutes<\/span>, in which the designated PM held a speech for 8 minutes and, in another 2 minutes, presented the Executive’s list. The discussions and debates were omitted.<\/p>\n

Moreover, the procedure for taking the oath by the members of the Government also took place on January 20, secretly, at midnight.<\/span> Thousands of protesters surrounded Parliament, calling for snap parliamentary elections. Subsequently, the protesters entered the Parliament building forcefully, and altercations took place.<\/p>\n

10 Ilan \u0218or became the mayor of Orhei<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Being criminally investigated in the “Theft of the century”<\/em> case and being arrested at home, on June 14, 2015, Ilan Shor won the mayoral elections<\/strong> with 61.97% of the votes. Political analysts described his involvement in politics as an intention to escape house detention.<\/p>\n

In 2017, he was<\/span> sentenced by the first court to 7 and a half years in prison<\/span>. Despite the accusations, Ilan \u0218or pleaded not guilty and continued his political activity . Moreover, he also obtained a mandate as a member of the Parliament. In 2019, he received the certificate of integrity to run for parliamentary elections. Later on, Ilan \u015eor left the country despite the court ban, after the democrats’ power withdrawal.<\/p>\n

11 The theft of the century<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nIn 2014, the Republic of Moldova became the scene of an international scandal, following a fraudulent scheme of 1 billion withdrawal<\/strong> from 3 saving banks from Moldova. To save the situation, two governments (led by Iurie Leanc\u0103 and Chiril Gaburici) took decisions to grant state guarantees<\/span> for covering the hole in the banking system. To investigate the case, Kroll<\/strong> company was invited.<\/p>\n

At the initiative of the political bloc ACUM, a new parliamentary commission<\/strong>\u00a0was created in order to investigate the banking fraud. It’s conclusions were that the amount of damage could be much higher than initially stated and that the main beneficiaries of the bank robbery were the Vladimir Plahotniuc, Ilan \u0218or and Vladimir Filat groups.<\/span><\/p>\n

12\u00a0The stolen billion has to be paid by Moldovan citizens in the next 21 years<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nIn 2016, the Government led by Pavel Filip decided to convert the emergency loans<\/strong>, amounting to 13.5 billion Moldovan lei, transferred by the National Bank of Moldova to three affected by the robbery banks, into state debt<\/strong>. Therefore, the citizens of Moldova would have to return in the next 25 years about 21 billion Moldovan lei (including the interest for the emergency loans). It was calculated that every child born in the Republic of Moldova would owe the state 4000 lei (182 euros) from the first day of his life.<\/p>\n

13 No president, for almost three years<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In 2009, when the former head of state Vladimir Voronin announced his resignation, the Parliament tried twice, but without success, to elect the democratic leader Marian Lupu to this position. In November 2010, due to Parliament’s inability to elect the head of state<\/strong>, snap parliamentary elections were held again. Finally, in March 2012 the candidacy of the former president of the Superior Council of Magistracy, Nicolae Timofti, was voted to be the president. Therefore, the constitutional crisis lasted for about two and a half years (from September 2009 to March 2012).<\/p>\n

This text is a translation. The original article can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Photo: privesc.eu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reading Time: <\/span> 8<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>The decisions taken by the Constitutional Court, the expulsion of Turkish teachers, the adoption of the mixed electoral system, the president removed from office “for 5 minutes”, the lack of Government or the doubled Government – there were so many failures in the Moldovan politics in the last 10 years, that it’s hard to count […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":447890,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4,56],"tags":[381,536,535,35,27,75],"class_list":["post-447876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics","category-society","category-reportaje","tag-crisis","tag-decade","tag-fiascoes","tag-important","tag-moldova","tag-politics"],"content_social_share":"Reading Time: <\/span> 8<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

The decisions taken by the Constitutional Court, the expulsion of Turkish teachers, the adoption of the mixed electoral system, the president removed from office “for 5 minutes”, the lack of Government or the doubled Government – there were so many failures in the Moldovan politics in the last 10 years, that it’s hard to count them.<\/p>\n

During the last ten years, the citizens of the country have witnessed many changes of the political and state institutions. Moldova.org selected the most relevant events. Here is where we can remember the saying “Every nation has the leaders it deserves.”<\/em><\/p>\n

1\u00a0\u00a0Decisions of the Constitutional Court from 7 to 9 June 2019<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The Constitutional Court of Moldova (CC) announced, on June 7, that the deadline<\/strong> for the Parliament, which was elected on February 24 and validated on March 9, to appoint the new Government expired. The CC calculated that the constitutional term of “three months”<\/em> provided for the formation of the Government actually means “90 days”<\/em> and that it expired on June 7, not on June 9. The next day, the political bloc ACUM and the PSRM signed a temporary agreement for the formation of a majority government<\/strong>, Zinaida Greceanii being voted the president of the Parliament and Maia Sandu being appointed the head of the Government.<\/p>\n

Immediately thereafter, the CC declared all the laws and decisions adopted by the new Parliament as unconstitutional<\/span>. On June 9, the Constitutional Court decided to remove President Igor Dodon from office and appointed Pavel Filip as the interim president. After the Democratic Party announced its power withdrawal, on June 15, the CC cancelled its own previously taken decisions.<\/p>\n

The Venice Commission<\/strong> published an opinion, stating that the CC violated<\/span> its own procedures when taking the respective decisions, but also the principle of impartiality towards the political parties. The Commission recalled that the Court’s role is to be equidistant and to act as an impartial arbitrator in the event of a confrontation between political parties.<\/p>\n

2 The period of two Governments<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Between June 8-15, 2019, the Republic of Moldova had two Governments<\/strong> – the Government appointed by the newly formed majority government, led by Maia Sandu and the previous Government who still remained in power, according to the decision of the CC. Pavel Filip, the so-called interim president, announced the dissolution of the Parliament and the date of future snap elections.<\/p>\n

The newly elected Parliament had its first session in the dark, as the technical employees of the building did not come to work <\/span>that day. The democrats stated that they did’t recognise the new Government and didn’t intend to give up the power. The democrats’ leader Vladimir Plahotniuc accused the socialists of trying to usurp power. A week later, the Democratic Party decided to give up the power in favour of the Government appointed by the ACUM and socialists’ majority.<\/p>\n

3 Clandestine interceptions’ scandal<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A RISE Moldova investigation<\/a> has discovered an entire operation of intercepting and chasing the political opponents<\/strong> of the democratic government, which has been carried out in recent years. The operation was carried out under cover of three criminal cases, filed because of inconvenient Facebook messages or statements at press conferences. As a result, it was established that the activities of 52 people, including politicians, representatives of civil society, organisations representatives and journalists, were investigated by prosecutors and police officers.<\/p>\n

After coming to power, the ACUM representatives declared that the number of people chased by the former government was much higher. In addition to intercepting phone calls, some of them have also been monitored, as microphones and video cameras were installed in their houses. President Igor Dodon claimed that, in 2018, there were 10 thousan<\/strong>d interceptions, out of which 600 at the request of the Information and Security Service (ISS), and 3 300<\/strong> interception in 2019, out of which 200 were initiated at the request of ISS. Most interceptions were initiated by the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA). Based on the interception scandal, criminal cases were filed against four MIA employees, three prosecutors and four judges.<\/p>\n

4 Camouflaged expulsion of Turkish teachers<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On September 6, 2018, seven Turkish citizens who were teachers at Horizon High School, were removed from their homes by employees of the ISS and taken in an unknown direction. The state institutions declared the action as “expulsion”<\/em>, saying that the Turkish nationals were suspected of links with an Islamist group. They have been declared undesirable by the competent bodies and expelled from the territory<\/strong> of the Republic of Moldova.<\/p>\n

The Turkish citizens were taken to Turkey by a charter plane and were sentenced to years of imprisonment<\/span>. Immediately after the expulsion operation, European officials asked the Moldovan authorities “to comply with the rule of law and all judicial procedures”<\/em> in this case. On June 11, 2019, the European Court of Human Rights<\/strong> issued a conclusion stating that Moldova violated the rights of Turkish citizen<\/span>s and required the government to pay 25 thousand euros for each of the Turkish citizens, whose rights were violated.<\/p>\n

5 Cancellation of Andrei Nastase mayoral mandate<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In June 2018, the Chi\u0219in\u0103u District Court cancelled the results of the snap local elections<\/strong> for the mayoral seat of the capital city. The elections were won by the Dignity and Truth Platform Party leader, Andrei N\u0103stase. His mandate was not validated on the grounds that he would have campaigned on social media on the day before elections. Andrei N\u0103stase addressed voters on Facebook<\/span>\u00a0and advised them to participate in the vote.<\/p>\n

The decision was heavily criticised by local experts, ambassadors and representatives of international forums. The decision remained in force and after being challenged in the higher courts. After one year and three months, the mandate of Andrei N\u0103stase was validated<\/strong>. By that moment other local elections were organised and his rival, socialist Ion Ceban won the mayor seat.<\/p>\n

6\u00a0The Citizenship by Investments Law<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nAlso in 2018, the Parliament adopted the law on granting citizenship by investments –<\/strong>\u00a0a mechanism by which foreign citizens could obtain citizenship of the Republic of Moldova. “The Law on Citizenship by Investments of the Republic of Moldova is one of the projects that created favourable conditions for international money laundering,”<\/em>\u00a0Transparency International-Moldova states in a report. Such models for granting citizenship are criticized by European officials, and some countries have already given up these programs. In the summer of 2019, the Government instituted a moratorium on this law<\/span> for a period of four months.<\/p>\n

7 The president removed from power “for 5 minutes”<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In 2017, the Constitutional Court decided that the president’s refusal to carry out his constitutional duties<\/strong> in appointing a minister represented “a temporary impossibility to exercise his duties<\/em>” and justified assigning the president of the Parliament or the prime minister as the interim head of state. In other words, the CC decided that the president Igor Dodon had no veto in appointing a minister<\/span>, and the signature of the head of state on the confirmation decree is only a formal one.<\/p>\n

In the period of 2017 to 2018, Igor Dodon was\u00a0temporarily removed from office for\u00a0five times<\/strong>, and the respective decrees were signed by the President of the Parliament Andrian Candu. The removal for “five minutes”<\/em> became a joke of the representatives of civil society and experts who stated that Igor Dodon may claim to be included in the Guinness Book of Records. In December 2018, Igor Dodon stated that he had called for protest in case another removal from power would have taken place.<\/p>\n

8 The adoption of the mixed electoral system<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In the summer of 2017, the Parliament adopted the law on the mixed voting system<\/strong>. It provided that 50 deputies would be elected on party lists, and 51 – directly by citizens, in single-seat constituencies. The mixed voting system was adopted by the socialists, democrats and popular-Europeans and has been criticised by the Venice Commission, the European Union, the United States and by the political opposition.<\/p>\n

After the formation of the new majority government, the Parliament adopted, in the summer of 2019, the return to the proportional representation system<\/strong>, cancelling the mixed voting system.<\/p>\n

9 The appointment of the Government led by Pavel Filip<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On January 20, 2016, the Parliament where the democrats held the majority, granted a vote of confidence<\/strong> to the candidate Pavel Filip<\/strong> and his Cabinet of Ministers. At that time, neither the draft Government activity program, nor the list of proposed Government members had been made public. The new Government was voted in a session that lasted about 30 minutes<\/span>, in which the designated PM held a speech for 8 minutes and, in another 2 minutes, presented the Executive’s list. The discussions and debates were omitted.<\/p>\n

Moreover, the procedure for taking the oath by the members of the Government also took place on January 20, secretly, at midnight.<\/span> Thousands of protesters surrounded Parliament, calling for snap parliamentary elections. Subsequently, the protesters entered the Parliament building forcefully, and altercations took place.<\/p>\n

10 Ilan \u0218or became the mayor of Orhei<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Being criminally investigated in the “Theft of the century”<\/em> case and being arrested at home, on June 14, 2015, Ilan Shor won the mayoral elections<\/strong> with 61.97% of the votes. Political analysts described his involvement in politics as an intention to escape house detention.<\/p>\n

In 2017, he was<\/span> sentenced by the first court to 7 and a half years in prison<\/span>. Despite the accusations, Ilan \u0218or pleaded not guilty and continued his political activity . Moreover, he also obtained a mandate as a member of the Parliament. In 2019, he received the certificate of integrity to run for parliamentary elections. Later on, Ilan \u015eor left the country despite the court ban, after the democrats’ power withdrawal.<\/p>\n

11 The theft of the century<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nIn 2014, the Republic of Moldova became the scene of an international scandal, following a fraudulent scheme of 1 billion withdrawal<\/strong> from 3 saving banks from Moldova. To save the situation, two governments (led by Iurie Leanc\u0103 and Chiril Gaburici) took decisions to grant state guarantees<\/span> for covering the hole in the banking system. To investigate the case, Kroll<\/strong> company was invited.<\/p>\n

At the initiative of the political bloc ACUM, a new parliamentary commission<\/strong>\u00a0was created in order to investigate the banking fraud. It’s conclusions were that the amount of damage could be much higher than initially stated and that the main beneficiaries of the bank robbery were the Vladimir Plahotniuc, Ilan \u0218or and Vladimir Filat groups.<\/span><\/p>\n

12\u00a0The stolen billion has to be paid by Moldovan citizens in the next 21 years<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nIn 2016, the Government led by Pavel Filip decided to convert the emergency loans<\/strong>, amounting to 13.5 billion Moldovan lei, transferred by the National Bank of Moldova to three affected by the robbery banks, into state debt<\/strong>. Therefore, the citizens of Moldova would have to return in the next 25 years about 21 billion Moldovan lei (including the interest for the emergency loans). It was calculated that every child born in the Republic of Moldova would owe the state 4000 lei (182 euros) from the first day of his life.<\/p>\n

13 No president, for almost three years<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In 2009, when the former head of state Vladimir Voronin announced his resignation, the Parliament tried twice, but without success, to elect the democratic leader Marian Lupu to this position. In November 2010, due to Parliament’s inability to elect the head of state<\/strong>, snap parliamentary elections were held again. Finally, in March 2012 the candidacy of the former president of the Superior Council of Magistracy, Nicolae Timofti, was voted to be the president. Therefore, the constitutional crisis lasted for about two and a half years (from September 2009 to March 2012).<\/p>\n

This text is a translation. The original article can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Photo: privesc.eu<\/p>\n

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