{"id":447178,"date":"2019-05-01T13:01:20","date_gmt":"2019-05-01T13:01:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.moldova.org\/en\/?p=447178"},"modified":"2019-05-21T14:14:13","modified_gmt":"2019-05-21T14:14:13","slug":"possible-eco-friendly-moldova-facets-plastic-pollution-problem-possible-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.moldova.org\/en\/possible-eco-friendly-moldova-facets-plastic-pollution-problem-possible-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"Being eco-friendly in Moldova: the facets of the plastic pollution problem and its long-term solutions"},"content":{"rendered":"Reading Time: <\/span> 5<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

People become nowadays more and more aware of the environmental pollution and waste management problems, feeling the need to implement urgent solutions. In the European Union, the Single Use Plastics Directive<\/strong> was already approved. It aims restriction in consumption and production of certain plastic products, as well as their replacement with more sustainable ones. The directive also bans certain single-use plastic products (cotton buds, cutlery, plates, straws, drink stirrers and balloon sticks) starting from 2021.<\/p>\n

According to European Commission, more than 80% of marine litter is plastics. Because of the slow decomposition speed, plastic accumulates in seas, oceans and beaches around the world. As a consequence, plastic traces are found in marine organisms such as turtles, seals, whales and birds, but also in fish and seafood, and are therefore present in the human food chain as well, a statement<\/a> of European Commission reported.<\/p>\n

The plastic pollution problem in Moldova<\/h3>\n

The Republic of Moldova has recently approved new regulations<\/a> regarding the use of plastic bags in retail trade. Therefore, starting from January 2019, the use of shopping bags with or without a handle, with a thickness equal to or greater than 50 microns, is forbidden. Plastic bags with a thickness of less than 15 microns will be banned from January 2021, except for those used as packaging. Additionally, the use and sale of plastic plates, glasses, other disposable tableware, as well as cotton buds made of plastic, shall be prohibited from 1 January 2021.<\/p>\n

Moldova seems to keep up with the European Union, at first sight. But just as any other problem in Moldova, this one has multiple facets. The new law provisions were already criticized, as they entered into force, but a control mechanism wasn’t implemented yet. According to the declarations<\/a> of the director of the National Agency for Food Safety (NAFS), Ion Sula, the law doesn’t expressly stipulate who will assume the responsibility of controlling the retail agents. That basically means that the law exists only formally, without an implementation. There are still a lot of retail shops that didn\u2019t remove the plastic bags, which represent the object of the current restrictions, from their activity. And they won\u2019t do it, as long as personal interests and corruption represent a priority.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Photo: moldnova.eu<\/p><\/div>\n

What is even worse, is that people are not informed enough about the ecological impact of plastic use and, consequently, don\u2019t really take any measure to reduce their plastic products consumption. It was estimated that each Moldovan citizen uses, in average, 140 plastic bags annually, that amounting 420 million plastic bags in total. Beside shopping bags, people of the Republic of Moldova use and then throw away a lot of other products made from plastic. Most of them are even not reused, whereas recycling remains just a dream for the Moldovan environmentalists.<\/p>\n

According to a report<\/a> issued by the Court of Accounts in 2017, about 1.1 thousand tons of waste oil, 2.4 thousand tons of waste batteries and accumulators, and 260 thousand tons of packaging waste are generated annually on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. The audit made by the\u00a0Court of Accounts found that, in the Republic of Moldova, only 10% of the recyclable waste is recovered, the remaining 90% are transported to landfill sites, which generate major risks of damage to the environment and the health of the population.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Photo: moldnova.eu<\/p><\/div>\n

Moreover, the same report stated that 99.7% or 1147 landfill sites located in urban and rural areas did not meet the requirements of environmental legislation. Experts have found that no project on the collection and sorting of packaging waste has been funded over the past three years from the National Ecological Fund, although importers of plastic, polyethylene and cardboard packaging pay a green fee for this purpose.<\/p>\n

Alternatives and solutions<\/h3>\n

Certainly, just like in the countries of the European Union, there are a lot of alternatives for plastic in Moldova as well. The authors of the law initiative regarding the ban of plastic bags in Moldova proposed such alternatives as disposable paper, corn flour, organic hemp, sugar, cane, starch or wheat. Some retail agents have already begun to promote such alternatives. It’s just that they are usually more expensive and not so popular as the plastic products.<\/p>\n

Andrei Isac, an environment expert from Moldova, declared for a publication<\/a> that the population of Moldova is not ready and merely indifferent to the plastic problem, having a limited possibility and wish to use alternatives or to sort the waste. Here is where the government must promote economic incentives to promote existing alternatives, establish bans on production and import of plastics, and raise penalties for violating environmental legislation.<\/p>\n

Environmental changes are not easy to be implemented in Moldova, a country where the level of corruption is high and where population has a merely conservative attitude towards any of them. Still, some initiatives were already put into action, proving that being eco-friendly is possible in Moldova as well.<\/p>\n

Lately, more and more producers of cloth shopping bags are ready to offer their products to the public. ITorba, Iuvas, Pangea Art. Eco. Love, Torbesc, Kasandruta, Mesto, Ponti and so many more options<\/a> are already available.<\/p>\n

\"\"

A painted cloth bag from Pangea Art. Eco. Love<\/p><\/div>\n

The industry of producing biodegradable bags from the corn starch is only at the beginning in Moldova, but it can be evaluated as having a great potential, as the raw material can be obtained at a low cost in the country and, therefore, the products have a reasonable price as well. In this case, the pioneer on the Moldovan market seems to be the company Mac Del Prim, which is an official representative of a bigger international producer of biodegradable bags, plates, bowls, trays and containers.<\/p>\n

More and more cafes from the Moldovan capital offer biodegradable paper or even metal straws to their drinks. There are already companies and organisations in Moldova that are involved in sorting waste disposal, as well as plastic and metal recycling (ABS Recycling Moldova, Sanin) or companies that produce wood industrial packaging (Rikipal). The Environment Agency of Moldova displays<\/a> more than 100 non-governmental organisations that are in charge with raising awareness about the environmental issues in Moldova.<\/p>\n

These are by far not the only initiatives. More is yet to come when both the government, businesses and individuals will cooperate.<\/p>\n

Photo: Getty images<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reading Time: <\/span> 5<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>People become nowadays more and more aware of the environmental pollution and waste management problems, feeling the need to implement urgent solutions. In the European Union, the Single Use Plastics Directive was already approved. It aims restriction in consumption and production of certain plastic products, as well as their replacement with more sustainable ones. The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":447181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,4,56],"tags":[306,35,109,27,307],"class_list":["post-447178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-society","category-reportaje","tag-environment","tag-important","tag-law","tag-moldova","tag-plastics"],"content_social_share":"Reading Time: <\/span> 5<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

People become nowadays more and more aware of the environmental pollution and waste management problems, feeling the need to implement urgent solutions. In the European Union, the Single Use Plastics Directive<\/strong> was already approved. It aims restriction in consumption and production of certain plastic products, as well as their replacement with more sustainable ones. The directive also bans certain single-use plastic products (cotton buds, cutlery, plates, straws, drink stirrers and balloon sticks) starting from 2021.<\/p>\n

According to European Commission, more than 80% of marine litter is plastics. Because of the slow decomposition speed, plastic accumulates in seas, oceans and beaches around the world. As a consequence, plastic traces are found in marine organisms such as turtles, seals, whales and birds, but also in fish and seafood, and are therefore present in the human food chain as well, a statement<\/a> of European Commission reported.<\/p>\n

The plastic pollution problem in Moldova<\/h3>\n

The Republic of Moldova has recently approved new regulations<\/a> regarding the use of plastic bags in retail trade. Therefore, starting from January 2019, the use of shopping bags with or without a handle, with a thickness equal to or greater than 50 microns, is forbidden. Plastic bags with a thickness of less than 15 microns will be banned from January 2021, except for those used as packaging. Additionally, the use and sale of plastic plates, glasses, other disposable tableware, as well as cotton buds made of plastic, shall be prohibited from 1 January 2021.<\/p>\n

Moldova seems to keep up with the European Union, at first sight. But just as any other problem in Moldova, this one has multiple facets. The new law provisions were already criticized, as they entered into force, but a control mechanism wasn’t implemented yet. According to the declarations<\/a> of the director of the National Agency for Food Safety (NAFS), Ion Sula, the law doesn’t expressly stipulate who will assume the responsibility of controlling the retail agents. That basically means that the law exists only formally, without an implementation. There are still a lot of retail shops that didn\u2019t remove the plastic bags, which represent the object of the current restrictions, from their activity. And they won\u2019t do it, as long as personal interests and corruption represent a priority.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Photo: moldnova.eu<\/p><\/div>\n

What is even worse, is that people are not informed enough about the ecological impact of plastic use and, consequently, don\u2019t really take any measure to reduce their plastic products consumption. It was estimated that each Moldovan citizen uses, in average, 140 plastic bags annually, that amounting 420 million plastic bags in total. Beside shopping bags, people of the Republic of Moldova use and then throw away a lot of other products made from plastic. Most of them are even not reused, whereas recycling remains just a dream for the Moldovan environmentalists.<\/p>\n

According to a report<\/a> issued by the Court of Accounts in 2017, about 1.1 thousand tons of waste oil, 2.4 thousand tons of waste batteries and accumulators, and 260 thousand tons of packaging waste are generated annually on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. The audit made by the\u00a0Court of Accounts found that, in the Republic of Moldova, only 10% of the recyclable waste is recovered, the remaining 90% are transported to landfill sites, which generate major risks of damage to the environment and the health of the population.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Photo: moldnova.eu<\/p><\/div>\n

Moreover, the same report stated that 99.7% or 1147 landfill sites located in urban and rural areas did not meet the requirements of environmental legislation. Experts have found that no project on the collection and sorting of packaging waste has been funded over the past three years from the National Ecological Fund, although importers of plastic, polyethylene and cardboard packaging pay a green fee for this purpose.<\/p>\n

Alternatives and solutions<\/h3>\n

Certainly, just like in the countries of the European Union, there are a lot of alternatives for plastic in Moldova as well. The authors of the law initiative regarding the ban of plastic bags in Moldova proposed such alternatives as disposable paper, corn flour, organic hemp, sugar, cane, starch or wheat. Some retail agents have already begun to promote such alternatives. It’s just that they are usually more expensive and not so popular as the plastic products.<\/p>\n

Andrei Isac, an environment expert from Moldova, declared for a publication<\/a> that the population of Moldova is not ready and merely indifferent to the plastic problem, having a limited possibility and wish to use alternatives or to sort the waste. Here is where the government must promote economic incentives to promote existing alternatives, establish bans on production and import of plastics, and raise penalties for violating environmental legislation.<\/p>\n

Environmental changes are not easy to be implemented in Moldova, a country where the level of corruption is high and where population has a merely conservative attitude towards any of them. Still, some initiatives were already put into action, proving that being eco-friendly is possible in Moldova as well.<\/p>\n

Lately, more and more producers of cloth shopping bags are ready to offer their products to the public. ITorba, Iuvas, Pangea Art. Eco. Love, Torbesc, Kasandruta, Mesto, Ponti and so many more options<\/a> are already available.<\/p>\n

\"\"

A painted cloth bag from Pangea Art. Eco. Love<\/p><\/div>\n

The industry of producing biodegradable bags from the corn starch is only at the beginning in Moldova, but it can be evaluated as having a great potential, as the raw material can be obtained at a low cost in the country and, therefore, the products have a reasonable price as well. In this case, the pioneer on the Moldovan market seems to be the company Mac Del Prim, which is an official representative of a bigger international producer of biodegradable bags, plates, bowls, trays and containers.<\/p>\n

More and more cafes from the Moldovan capital offer biodegradable paper or even metal straws to their drinks. There are already companies and organisations in Moldova that are involved in sorting waste disposal, as well as plastic and metal recycling (ABS Recycling Moldova, Sanin) or companies that produce wood industrial packaging (Rikipal). The Environment Agency of Moldova displays<\/a> more than 100 non-governmental organisations that are in charge with raising awareness about the environmental issues in Moldova.<\/p>\n

These are by far not the only initiatives. More is yet to come when both the government, businesses and individuals will cooperate.<\/p>\n

Photo: Getty images<\/p>\n

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