{"id":446378,"date":"2019-01-07T15:45:24","date_gmt":"2019-01-07T15:45:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.moldova.org\/en\/?p=446378"},"modified":"2020-09-01T17:30:43","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T17:30:43","slug":"official-language-moldova-moldovan-language-actually-exist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.moldova.org\/en\/official-language-moldova-moldovan-language-actually-exist\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the official language in Moldova and does the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 language actually exist?"},"content":{"rendered":"Reading Time: <\/span> 5<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

If you are a Moldovan citizen, surely you had, at least once in your lifetime, the situation when you needed to specify for a foreigner what language you speak in your home country. If you are a foreigner who heard at least once about Moldova, certainly you asked a Moldovan native: \u201cWhat language do you speak there? Moldovan?\u201d<\/p>\n

In any case, you heard about the eternal ping-pong game between the Romanian and the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 languages, which is one of the big social disputes in Moldova. When asked about that, some people don\u2019t even know what to answer as the debates between the state officials, the changing laws and the opinion of experts is always contradictory. So, let’s look into it: What is the official language in Moldova and does the Moldovan language actually exist?<\/p>\n

\"\"

Source: sputnik.md<\/p><\/div>\n

Let\u2019s start from the beginning\u2026<\/h3>\n

Over time, the today\u2019s territory of the Republic of Moldova was annexed either to the Russian Empire (between 1812 and 1918) or to the Soviet Union (1940 \u2013 1941 and 1944 \u2013 1991). Therefore, the period of more than 150 years of russification was paid off and transformed the population that live between the Dniester and the Prut into a hesitant and ambivalent crowd that doesn\u2019t know its history and provenience, and even what language they speak.<\/p>\n

How is it possible? Well, there are several important measures that were taken for that. First, the Romanian language started to be eclipsed by the Russian language in the province of Bessarabia formed after 1812: the official papers were issued only in Russian; the school courses began to be taught predominantly in Russian until the Romanian language was totally forbidden; the idea of Romanian language and the Romanian nation was treated as a separate object by the politicians, historians, chroniclers, writers, journalists that served the Russian empire. The main goal of the Russian empire was to lead the population of the Bessarabia province into ignorance. It wasn\u2019t so important to teach them Russian, but to demotivate them to learn the literary Romanian that had only the status of a provincial language used on daily-basis.<\/p>\n

The invention of the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 language<\/h3>\n

The situation changed when the Soviet Union annexed Bessarabia (most of today\u2019s Moldova) and the real russification process was performed. Then, a new concept, invented and tested before only on the territory of Transnistria, was applied \u2013 the Moldovan language. The hybrid language was formed of Romanian sub-dialect mixed with Russian words, written with Cyrillic alphabet (the literary Romanian uses Latin alphabet, as it is a Latin language). The main goal \u2013 the creation of a powerful separation instrument of the Moldovan population on the territory of Bessarabia from the rest of the Romanian population. The Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR)<\/a> was declared as having a separate history, cultural values, language and traditions in order to incorporate it easier in the concept of \u2018Homo Sovieticus\u2019<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The central government of the Soviet Union aimed to get rid, as soon as possible, of the Romanian population that remained on the Bessarabian territory after the Soviet annexation in 1944. That was done through emigration, organised famine, mobilisation in the Red Army and massive deportations. The focus was to destroy any evidence of a relationship between Romanian and Moldovan populations that formed before one nation, for speeding up the russification process<\/a> of the local population. The Romanian literature was declared alien and was confiscated, being replaced by Russian-Soviet propaganda literature. New teachers, loyal to the regime, were brought in schools, along with all Soviet courses: Soviet Union History, Literature and, of course, the Ideology of the Communist Party.<\/p>\n

New Russian population was moved to the MSSR and to other countries that were part of the Soviet Union in order to promote the Soviet ideology and values, as well as to motivate the local population to learn the Soviet Union official language \u2013 Russian. Those that spoke this language were able to find better jobs and have a better life quality. Thus, the paradox appears here, as the Russian population established in MSSR adopted a colonialist attitude by understanding that they don\u2019t need to learn the local language. Even today, when the Soviet Union doesn\u2019t exist anymore, these people and some of their descendants still have the same attitude. This explains why foreign people that arrive in Moldova can hear both Romanian and Russian languages spoken by the population.<\/p>\n

The expert\u2019s opinion<\/h3>\n

According to Eugen Co\u0219eriu<\/a>, a Romanian philologist born in Moldova, there were few soviet countries that resisted the linguistic assault \u2013 Georgia, Armenia and the Baltic countries. In these post-soviet countries, the Russian language is not accepted as an official language. They managed to preserve their native languages and know for sure what language is that.<\/p>\n

He explained<\/a> that the so-called ‘Moldovan’ language is not even a separate sub-dialect (a subdivision of a dialect) of the Romanian language, belonging to the Moldovan sub-dialect spoken in the Romanian region called Moldova, as well as in Ukraine. The only difference to the way Romanian people, on the other side of the Prut, speak are the Russian words infiltrated in the vocabulary. However, that doesn\u2019t make it a separate language.<\/p>\n

The today\u2019s language ping-pong in Moldova<\/h3>\n

The Declaration of Independence<\/a> of the Republic of Moldova (1991 ) named Romanian the official language of the newly formed state \u2013 the Republic of Moldova. In 1994, the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova<\/a> claimed that the national language of Moldova is Moldovan, based on the Latin alphabet. In 2013, the Constitutional Court of Moldova decided that the Declaration of Independence takes precedence over the Constitution and the state language is Romanian. However, the Moldovan Parliament members have not yet amended the text of Art. 13 of the Constitution. The phrase “Romanian language” will be introduced in the Constitution if at least 67 Parliament members\u00a0\u00a0support<\/a> the draft law.<\/p>\n

The President of Moldova \u2013 Igor Dodon declares himself a Moldovan patriot who speaks the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 language and promotes it even on the official website of the Presidency, whereas pupils in the Moldovan schools, including Dodon\u2019s children, are officially taught the Romanian language.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Source: cancelaria.gov.md<\/p><\/div>\n

It seems that the Romanian-Moldovan epopee initiated as an old trick of the Soviet Union will never come to an end. And it won\u2019t, as long as people in the Republic of Moldova will be disinterested in their own history, culture and political situation, as long as they would sell their opinion and their right to vote for a piece of bread, and as long as they will let others tell them what to do with their life and their country.<\/p>\n

The Moldovan language doesn\u2019t exist. It\u2019s like claiming that Brazilian people speak Brazilian, Austrian people have the Austrian language as the official language in their country or that Americans can ultimately separate their American English and declare it a separate language (even though some of them would like to). Moldovan language never existed. Now you know why.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reading Time: <\/span> 5<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>If you are a Moldovan citizen, surely you had, at least once in your lifetime, the situation when you needed to specify for a foreigner what language you speak in your home country. If you are a foreigner who heard at least once about Moldova, certainly you asked a Moldovan native: \u201cWhat language do you […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":446379,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,12,4,56],"tags":[146,35,27,144,142,143,145],"class_list":["post-446378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-opinion","category-society","category-reportaje","tag-history","tag-important","tag-moldova","tag-moldovan","tag-official-language","tag-romanian","tag-soviet-union"],"content_social_share":"Reading Time: <\/span> 5<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

If you are a Moldovan citizen, surely you had, at least once in your lifetime, the situation when you needed to specify for a foreigner what language you speak in your home country. If you are a foreigner who heard at least once about Moldova, certainly you asked a Moldovan native: \u201cWhat language do you speak there? Moldovan?\u201d<\/p>\n

In any case, you heard about the eternal ping-pong game between the Romanian and the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 languages, which is one of the big social disputes in Moldova. When asked about that, some people don\u2019t even know what to answer as the debates between the state officials, the changing laws and the opinion of experts is always contradictory. So, let’s look into it: What is the official language in Moldova and does the Moldovan language actually exist?<\/p>\n

\"\"

Source: sputnik.md<\/p><\/div>\n

Let\u2019s start from the beginning\u2026<\/h3>\n

Over time, the today\u2019s territory of the Republic of Moldova was annexed either to the Russian Empire (between 1812 and 1918) or to the Soviet Union (1940 \u2013 1941 and 1944 \u2013 1991). Therefore, the period of more than 150 years of russification was paid off and transformed the population that live between the Dniester and the Prut into a hesitant and ambivalent crowd that doesn\u2019t know its history and provenience, and even what language they speak.<\/p>\n

How is it possible? Well, there are several important measures that were taken for that. First, the Romanian language started to be eclipsed by the Russian language in the province of Bessarabia formed after 1812: the official papers were issued only in Russian; the school courses began to be taught predominantly in Russian until the Romanian language was totally forbidden; the idea of Romanian language and the Romanian nation was treated as a separate object by the politicians, historians, chroniclers, writers, journalists that served the Russian empire. The main goal of the Russian empire was to lead the population of the Bessarabia province into ignorance. It wasn\u2019t so important to teach them Russian, but to demotivate them to learn the literary Romanian that had only the status of a provincial language used on daily-basis.<\/p>\n

The invention of the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 language<\/h3>\n

The situation changed when the Soviet Union annexed Bessarabia (most of today\u2019s Moldova) and the real russification process was performed. Then, a new concept, invented and tested before only on the territory of Transnistria, was applied \u2013 the Moldovan language. The hybrid language was formed of Romanian sub-dialect mixed with Russian words, written with Cyrillic alphabet (the literary Romanian uses Latin alphabet, as it is a Latin language). The main goal \u2013 the creation of a powerful separation instrument of the Moldovan population on the territory of Bessarabia from the rest of the Romanian population. The Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR)<\/a> was declared as having a separate history, cultural values, language and traditions in order to incorporate it easier in the concept of \u2018Homo Sovieticus\u2019<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The central government of the Soviet Union aimed to get rid, as soon as possible, of the Romanian population that remained on the Bessarabian territory after the Soviet annexation in 1944. That was done through emigration, organised famine, mobilisation in the Red Army and massive deportations. The focus was to destroy any evidence of a relationship between Romanian and Moldovan populations that formed before one nation, for speeding up the russification process<\/a> of the local population. The Romanian literature was declared alien and was confiscated, being replaced by Russian-Soviet propaganda literature. New teachers, loyal to the regime, were brought in schools, along with all Soviet courses: Soviet Union History, Literature and, of course, the Ideology of the Communist Party.<\/p>\n

New Russian population was moved to the MSSR and to other countries that were part of the Soviet Union in order to promote the Soviet ideology and values, as well as to motivate the local population to learn the Soviet Union official language \u2013 Russian. Those that spoke this language were able to find better jobs and have a better life quality. Thus, the paradox appears here, as the Russian population established in MSSR adopted a colonialist attitude by understanding that they don\u2019t need to learn the local language. Even today, when the Soviet Union doesn\u2019t exist anymore, these people and some of their descendants still have the same attitude. This explains why foreign people that arrive in Moldova can hear both Romanian and Russian languages spoken by the population.<\/p>\n

The expert\u2019s opinion<\/h3>\n

According to Eugen Co\u0219eriu<\/a>, a Romanian philologist born in Moldova, there were few soviet countries that resisted the linguistic assault \u2013 Georgia, Armenia and the Baltic countries. In these post-soviet countries, the Russian language is not accepted as an official language. They managed to preserve their native languages and know for sure what language is that.<\/p>\n

He explained<\/a> that the so-called ‘Moldovan’ language is not even a separate sub-dialect (a subdivision of a dialect) of the Romanian language, belonging to the Moldovan sub-dialect spoken in the Romanian region called Moldova, as well as in Ukraine. The only difference to the way Romanian people, on the other side of the Prut, speak are the Russian words infiltrated in the vocabulary. However, that doesn\u2019t make it a separate language.<\/p>\n

The today\u2019s language ping-pong in Moldova<\/h3>\n

The Declaration of Independence<\/a> of the Republic of Moldova (1991 ) named Romanian the official language of the newly formed state \u2013 the Republic of Moldova. In 1994, the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova<\/a> claimed that the national language of Moldova is Moldovan, based on the Latin alphabet. In 2013, the Constitutional Court of Moldova decided that the Declaration of Independence takes precedence over the Constitution and the state language is Romanian. However, the Moldovan Parliament members have not yet amended the text of Art. 13 of the Constitution. The phrase “Romanian language” will be introduced in the Constitution if at least 67 Parliament members\u00a0\u00a0support<\/a> the draft law.<\/p>\n

The President of Moldova \u2013 Igor Dodon declares himself a Moldovan patriot who speaks the \u2018Moldovan\u2019 language and promotes it even on the official website of the Presidency, whereas pupils in the Moldovan schools, including Dodon\u2019s children, are officially taught the Romanian language.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Source: cancelaria.gov.md<\/p><\/div>\n

It seems that the Romanian-Moldovan epopee initiated as an old trick of the Soviet Union will never come to an end. And it won\u2019t, as long as people in the Republic of Moldova will be disinterested in their own history, culture and political situation, as long as they would sell their opinion and their right to vote for a piece of bread, and as long as they will let others tell them what to do with their life and their country.<\/p>\n

The Moldovan language doesn\u2019t exist. It\u2019s like claiming that Brazilian people speak Brazilian, Austrian people have the Austrian language as the official language in their country or that Americans can ultimately separate their American English and declare it a separate language (even though some of them would like to). Moldovan language never existed. Now you know why.<\/p>\n\n

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